Kontrollfluss: if, match, Schleifen

<?php
$punkte = 78;
if ($punkte >= 90) {
    echo "sehr gut\n";
} elseif ($punkte >= 75) {
    echo "gut\n";
} else {
    echo "weiter üben\n";
}
echo $punkte >= 50 ? "bestanden" : "durchgefallen", "\n";

// Alternative Syntax in Templates
if ($punkte > 70):
    echo "über 70\n";
endif;

<?php
$tag = 3;
switch ($tag) {
    case 6:
    case 7:
        echo "Wochenende\n";
        break;
    default:
        echo "Werktag\n";
}

$name = match ($tag) {
    1 => "Montag",
    2 => "Dienstag",
    3, 4 => "Mitte der Woche",
    default => "anderer Tag",
};
echo $name, "\n";

$note = 87;
echo match (true) {
    $note >= 90 => "A",
    $note >= 80 => "B",
    default => "C",
}, "\n";

try {
    echo match (99) { 1 => "eins" };
} catch (\UnhandledMatchError $e) {
    echo get_class($e), ": ", $e->getMessage(), "\n";
}

<?php
for ($i = 1; $i <= 3; $i++) echo $i, " ";
echo "\n";

$n = 3;
while ($n > 0) { echo $n--, " "; }
echo "\n";

$k = 10;
do { echo $k, " "; } while ($k < 5);       // läuft mindestens einmal
echo "\n";

foreach ([10, 20, 30] as $index => $wert) echo "$index=$wert ";
echo "\n";
foreach (["a" => 1, "b" => 2] as $key => $value) echo "$key:$value ";
echo "\n";

foreach ([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] as $z) {
    if ($z % 2) continue;                  // überspringen
    if ($z > 4) break;                     // abbrechen
    echo $z, " ";
}
echo "\n";

for ($i = 0; $i < 3; $i++) {
    for ($j = 0; $j < 3; $j++) {
        if ($j == 2) continue 2;           // äußere Schleife fortsetzen
        echo "$i$j ";
    }
}
echo "\n";

<?php
$preise = [10, 20, 30];
foreach ($preise as &$p) { $p *= 2; }
unset($p);
print_r($preise);

<?php
foreach (range(1, 10, 3) as $z) echo $z, " ";
echo "\n";
foreach (range('a', 'e') as $c) echo $c;
echo "\n";
[$a, [$b, $c]] = [1, [2, 3]];
['x' => $x, 'y' => $y] = ['x' => 10, 'y' => 20];
echo "$a$b$c $x $y\n";
foreach ([[1, 2], [3, 4]] as [$l, $r]) echo $l + $r, " ";
echo "\n";
goto ende;
echo "wird übersprungen\n";
ende:
echo "Ende\n";